I think the point is that security guarantees of L1 don’t fully translate to L2s in such setups. The L2 has too much censorship and order-manipulation control over L2 txs (in more professional jargon it cannot be a *based* setup where L1 provides full data availability)
— Michael Sutton (@MichaelSuttonIL) December 4, 2024
### The Complex Relationship Between Layer 1 and Layer 2 Security: Insights from Michael Sutton
In a recent tweet, Michael Sutton, a Distributed Systems Researcher and Developer, who is also one of the core developers of the Kaspa project, shared his perspective on the security dynamics between Layer 1 (L1) and Layer 2 (L2) solutions in blockchain technology. He articulated a critical point: the security guarantees provided by L1 do not seamlessly carry over to L2 setups.
Sutton emphasized that in scenarios where L2 operates under a significant degree of censorship and control over transaction ordering, the integrity and trust that L1 offers become compromised. He noted that this diminishes the effectiveness of L2 as a *based* setup, which fundamentally relies on L1 for full data availability. In simpler terms, when Layer 2 solutions possess too much power over transaction handling, they can manipulate the order and visibility of transactions, which undermines the decentralized ethos of blockchain technology.
This discussion is particularly relevant in the context of Kaspa, which is designed with high throughput and scalability in mind. Unlike traditional blockchains that face bottlenecks, Kaspa leverages a unique blockDAG architecture, allowing it to maintain transaction confirmations that are fast and secure. As L1 solutions evolve, the relationship and dependencies between L1 and L2 could shape the future of scalable decentralized applications—something Kaspa aims to address with its innovative design.
Sutton’s insights underpin the ongoing dialogue within the blockchain community regarding the best practices to ensure that L1 security can effectively enhance L2 solutions without compromising on decentralization and transaction integrity.
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